Super
The Super career development theory challenges people to consider their career as a constellation of different roles in life. Therefore, there is no one career that has a single endpoint. Instead, each career represents a progression through every stage of life. Super believes that career development is a process of exploration and growth of the whole person, as opposed to other theories which focus on how individuals learn to work in specific roles.
Super started his career by incorporating self-concept theories into his developmental perspectives. He believed that career choice was an expression or a person's selfhood. Career growth was about a person matching their self-concept to their occupational environment. His definition of self-concept was the "way a person sees himself or herself." Thus, a young woman may think of herself as bright, creative, spontaneous, and willing to take on responsibilities.
Gottfredson
This theory examines the role of career development and the choices people make in determining their career aspirations. The theory also looks at how the work environment affects decision-making. There are several aspects to career development that are important to consider, but these are not the only factors that contribute to the lack of diversity in the workforce.
It is useful for vocational practice as counselors can use it to explain career development in terms that are both personal preferences and the context in which they work. It encourages counselors in helping disabled people to explore and understand their career goals.
The theory of trait and factor
Many career counselors will use trait-and-factor theory to help individuals choose a profession. This theory states that people's interests and traits influence their choices in all aspects of their lives. These are patterns that are consistent and can be measured so you can make informed career decisions. These traits can also help match someone to the perfect situation.
Frank Parsons, a 1908 researcher, first proposed the theory. Parsons believed that a better combination of a person's personality and the job they were looking for would result in greater happiness and success. As the father of vocational guidance counseling, Parsons felt that it was essential to help people match their traits to their intended careers. His approach included using structured sessions to share knowledge and help clients understand themselves.
Career construction theory
Career construction theory is a theoretical framework that emphasizes interpersonal and interpretive processes when constructing careers. Social constructionism serves as the meta-theory for this theory. This theory aims to reconceptualize personality traits, vocational development tasks and socially constructed meanings. This method allows people to identify and develop their passions. This is how people can discover new career possibilities.
Career construction theory helps clients to identify and assess their interests and values. It also assists in creating a custom plan for career development. Career counselors use the Career Style Interview tool to evaluate a client's life and identify common themes. This allows them to develop a customized plan for each client. This theory aims to help clients discover their passions and find their true vocation.